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CitarAnother key feature of Shader Model 3.0 is the support for the Microsoft DirectX® Instancing API. Currently, games face limits on the number of unique objects they can display in the scene, not because of graphics horsepower, but often the CPU-side overhead of either storing or submitting many slightly different variations of the same object. For instance, a forest is made up of trees that are often similar to each other, but each would be in a different position, have differing height, branch length, leaf color, and so on. In order to add the desired variation, developers have to choose between storing many separate copies of the tree, each slightly different, or making expensive render state changes in order to rotate, scale, color and place each tree.
Instancing allows the programmer to store a single tree, and then several other vertex data streams to specify the per-instance color, height, branch size and so on. For instance, a single 1000-vertex tree model would contain the vertex positions and normals, and a 200-element vertex streams would contain positions, colors, heights, and branch length values. Instancing allows the programmer to submit a single draw call, which renders each of the 200 trees, using the same data for the basic tree shape, but then vary it through the per-instance streams.